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5-HTP: The Natural Alternative to Prozac® - Section 7

Table of Contents

Previous Section

  1. IMS America. IMS America business watch: 1996. Medical Marketing & Media; April 1997. health-
  2. IMS America. IMS America business watch: First half of 1997 review. Medical Marketing & Media; October 1997. health-
  3. Kramer P. Listening to Prozac. New York: Viking; 1993. health-
  4. Knutson B, Wolkowitz OM, Cole SW, et al. Selective alteration of personality and social behavior by serotonergic intervention. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:373-9. health-
  5. Sternberg E. Pathogenesis of L-tryptophan eosinophilia myalgia syndrome. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1996;398:325-330. health-
  6. Belongia E, Hedberg C, Gleich G, et al. An investigation of the cause of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with tryptophan use. N Eng J Med. 1990;323:357-365. health-
  7. Kamb M, Murphy J, Jones J, et al. Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome in L-tryptophan-exposed patients. JAMA. 1992;267:77-82. health-
  8. Slutsker L, Hoesly F, Miller L, Williams L, Watson J, Fleming D. Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with exposure to tryptophan from a single manufacturer. JAMA. 1990;264:13-17. health-
  9. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. What information is known about the availability of L-tryptophan? : http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/; May 1996. health-
  10. Pöldinger W, Calanchini B, Schwarz W. A functional-dimensional approach to depression: serotonin deficiency as a target syndrome in a comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan and fluvoxamine. Psychopathology. 1991;24:53-81. health-
  11. Sternberg E, Van Woert M, Young S, et al. Development of a scleroderma-like illness during therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. N Engl J Med. 1980. health-
  12. Lampert A, Joly P, Thomine E, Ortoli J, Lauret P. [Scleroderma-like syndrome with bullous morphea during treatment with 5-hydroxytryptophan, carbidopa and flunitrazepam]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1992;119:209-211 health-
  13. Farinelli S, Mariani A, Grimaldi A, Mariani M, Iannessi A, De Rosa F. [Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with 5-OH-tryptophan. Description of a case]. Recenti Prog Med. 1991;82:381-384. health-
  14. Collins D, Davis C, Cherek D. Tryptophan depletion and aggressive responding in healthy males. Psychopharmacology. 1996;126:97-103. health-
  15. Asberg M, Thoren P, Traskman L, et al. Serotonin depression: a biochemical subgroup within affective disorders. Science. 1976;191:478-480. health-
  16. Lloyd K, Farley L, Deck J, Hornykiewicz O. Serotonin and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid in discrete areas of the brainstem of suicide victims and control patients. Adv Biochem Psychopharm. 1974;11:387-398. health-
  17. Asberg M, Traskman L, Thoren P. 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid. A biochemical suicide predictor? Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33:1193-1197. health-
  18. van Praag H. Biological suicide research: outcome and limitations. Biol Psychiatry. 1986;21:1305-1323. health-
  19. Sano I. L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) therapie. Folia Psychiat Neurol Jap. 1972;26:7. health-
  20. Sano I. "Precursor-therapy" with active amines. Part 1: treatment of depression by L-5-HTP (l-5-hydroxytryptophan). Psychiatr Neurol Jap. 1971;73:809. health-
  21. Persson T, Roos B. 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression. Lancet. 1967;ii:987. health-
  22. Takahashi S, Kondo H, Kato N. Effect of L-5-hydroxytryptophan on brain monoamine metabolism and evaluation of its clinical effect in depressed patients. J Psychiat Res. 1975;12:177-187. health-
  23. Byerley W, Judd L, Reimherr F, Grosser B. 5-hydroxytryptophan: a review of its antidepressant efficacy and adverse effects. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1987;7:127-137. health-
  24. van Praag H, Kahn R. L-5-hydroxytryptophan in depression and anxiety. Schweiz Rundschau Med. 1988;77:40-46. health-
  25. Reilly J, McTavish S, Young A. Rapid depletion of plasma tryptophan: a review of studies and experimental methodology. J Psychopharmacol. 1997;11:381-392. health-
  26. Ballenger J, Wheadon D, Steiner M, Bushnell W, Gergel I. Double-blind, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study of paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:36-42. health-
  27. Gorman J. The use of newer antidepressants for panic disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;58 (Suppl 14):54-58. health-
  28. Mundo E, Bianchi L, Bellodi L. Efficacy of fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and citalopram in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a single-blind study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1997;17:267-271. health-
  29. Yaryura-Tobias J, Bhagavan H. L-tryptophan in obsessive-compulsive disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1977;134:1298-1299. health-
  30. Kahn R, Westenberg H. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan in the treatment of anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord. 1985;8:197-200. health-
  31. Kahn R, Westenberg H, Verhoeven W, Gispen de Wied C, Komberboek W. Effect of a serotonin precursor and uptake inhibitor in anxiety disorders: a double-blind comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan, clomipramine and placebo. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1987;2:45. health-
  32. Peroutka S. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes and the pharmacology of migraine. Neurology. 1993;43 (Suppl 3):S34-S38. health-
  33. Titus F, Davalos A, Alom J, Codina A. 5-Hydroxytryptophan versus methysergide in the prophylaxis of migraine. Randomized clinical trial. Eur Neurol. 1986;25:327-329. health-
  34. De Benedittis G, Massei R. 5-HT precursors in migraine prophylaxis: A double-blind cross-over study with L-5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo. Clin J Pain. 1986;3:123-129. health-
  35. Russell I, Michalek J, Vaprio G, et al. Serum amino acids in fibrositis/fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(Suppl 19):158-163. health-
  36. Moldofsky H, Warsh J. Plasma tryptophan and musculoskeletal pain in non-articular rheumatism. Pain. 1978;5:65-71. health-
  37. Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Boccassini L, et al. Double-blind study of dothiepin versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res. 1987;15:154-159. health-
  38. Goldenberg D. A review of the role of tricyclic medications in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(Suppl 19):137-139. health-
  39. Goldenberg D, Mayskiy M, Mossey C, Ruthazer R, Schmid C. A randomized, double-blind crossover trial of fluoxetine and amitriptyline in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:1852-1859. health-
  40. Moldofsky H, Lue F. The relationship of alpha and delta EEG frequencies to pain and mood in 'fibrositis' patients treated with chlorpromazine and L-tryptophan. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1980;50:71-80. health-
  41. Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Cazzola M, Azzolini V. Double-blind study of 5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res. 1990;18:201-209. health-
  42. Puttini P, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res. 1992;20:182-189. health-
  43. Loew D. [L-tryptophan. An essential amino acid for structural and functional metabolism]. Fortschr Med. 1997;115:40-42. health-
  44. Jouvet M. Biogenic amines and the states of sleep. Science. 1969;163:32-41. health-
  45. Huether G, Poeggler B, Reimer A, George A. Effect of tryptophan administration on circulating melatonin levels in chicks and rats: evidence for stimulation of melatonin synthesis and release in the gastrointestinal tract. Life Sci. 1992;51:945-953. health-
  46. Soulairac A, Lambinet H. Action du 5-hydroxytryptophane, precurseur de la serotonine, sur les troubles du sommeil. Ann Med-Psychol. 1977;135:792-798. health-
  47. Blundell J. Pharmacological approaches to appetite suppression. Trends Pharmacol. 1991;12:147-157. health-
  48. Blundell JE, Lathami C.J. Serotonergic influences on food intake: effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on parameters of feeding behavior in deprived and free-feeding rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1979;11:431-437. health-
  49. Ju CY, Tsai CT. Serotonergic mechanisms involved in the suppression of feeding by 5-HTP in rats. Chin J Physiol. 1995;38:235-240. health-
  50. Wurtman J. Carbohydrate craving, mood changes, and obesity. J Clin Psychiatry. 1988;49(Suppl):37-39. health-
  51. Cangiano C, CERI F, Casino A, et al. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Am J Clin Nut. 1992;56:863-868. health-
  52. Zmilacher K, Battegay R, Gastpar M. L-5-hydoxytryptophan alone and in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor in the treatment of depression. Neuropsychobiology. 1988;20:28-35. health-
  53. van Praag HM, Korf J. L-tryptophan in depression. Lancet. 1970;2:612. health-
  54. Martin T. Serotonin syndrome. Ann Emerg Med. 1996;28:520-526. health-
  55. Sporer K. The serotonin syndrome. Implicated drugs, pathophysiology and management. Drug Safety. 1995;13:94-104.

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This article is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Always consult with a physician before embarking on a dietary supplement program.

References

  1. IMS America. IMS America business watch: 1996. Medical Marketing & Media; April 1997. 

    ↑

  2. IMS America. IMS America business watch: First half of 1997 review. Medical Marketing & Media; October 1997.

    ↑

  3. Kramer P. Listening to Prozac. New York: Viking; 1993. 

    ↑

  4. Knutson B, Wolkowitz OM, Cole SW, et al. Selective alteration of personality and social behavior by serotonergic intervention. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:373-9.

    ↑

  5. Sternberg E. Pathogenesis of L-tryptophan eosinophilia myalgia syndrome. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1996;398:325-330. 

    ↑

  6. Belongia E, Hedberg C, Gleich G, et al. An investigation of the cause of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with tryptophan use. N Eng J Med. 1990;323:357-365. 

    ↑

  7. Kamb M, Murphy J, Jones J, et al. Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome in L-tryptophan-exposed patients. JAMA. 1992;267:77-82. 

    ↑

  8. Slutsker L, Hoesly F, Miller L, Williams L, Watson J, Fleming D. Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with exposure to tryptophan from a single manufacturer. JAMA. 1990;264:13-17. 

    ↑

  9. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. What information is known about the availability of L-tryptophan? : http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/; May 1996. 

    ↑

  10. Pöldinger W, Calanchini B, Schwarz W. A functional-dimensional approach to depression: serotonin deficiency as a target syndrome in a comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan and fluvoxamine. Psychopathology. 1991;24:53-81. 

    ↑

  11. Sternberg E, Van Woert M, Young S, et al. Development of a scleroderma-like illness during therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. N Engl J Med. 1980. 

    ↑

  12. Lampert A, Joly P, Thomine E, Ortoli J, Lauret P. [Scleroderma-like syndrome with bullous morphea during treatment with 5-hydroxytryptophan, carbidopa and flunitrazepam]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1992;119:209-211 

    ↑

  13. Farinelli S, Mariani A, Grimaldi A, Mariani M, Iannessi A, De Rosa F. [Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with 5-OH-tryptophan. Description of a case]. Recenti Prog Med. 1991;82:381-384. 

    ↑

  14. Collins D, Davis C, Cherek D. Tryptophan depletion and aggressive responding in healthy males. Psychopharmacology. 1996;126:97-103. 

    ↑

  15. Asberg M, Thoren P, Traskman L, et al. Serotonin depression: a biochemical subgroup within affective disorders. Science. 1976;191:478-480. 

    ↑

  16. Lloyd K, Farley L, Deck J, Hornykiewicz O. Serotonin and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid in discrete areas of the brainstem of suicide victims and control patients. Adv Biochem Psychopharm. 1974;11:387-398. 

    ↑

  17. Asberg M, Traskman L, Thoren P. 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid. A biochemical suicide predictor? Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33:1193-1197. 

    ↑

  18. van Praag H. Biological suicide research: outcome and limitations. Biol Psychiatry. 1986;21:1305-1323. 

    ↑

  19. Sano I. L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) therapie. Folia Psychiat Neurol Jap. 1972;26:7. 

    ↑

  20. Sano I. "Precursor-therapy" with active amines. Part 1: treatment of depression by L-5-HTP (l-5-hydroxytryptophan). Psychiatr Neurol Jap. 1971;73:809. 

    ↑

  21. Persson T, Roos B. 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression. Lancet. 1967;ii:987.

    ↑

  22. Takahashi S, Kondo H, Kato N. Effect of L-5-hydroxytryptophan on brain monoamine metabolism and evaluation of its clinical effect in depressed patients. J Psychiat Res. 1975;12:177-187. 

    ↑

  23. Byerley W, Judd L, Reimherr F, Grosser B. 5-hydroxytryptophan: a review of its antidepressant efficacy and adverse effects. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1987;7:127-137. 

    ↑

  24. van Praag H, Kahn R. L-5-hydroxytryptophan in depression and anxiety. Schweiz Rundschau Med. 1988;77:40-46. 

    ↑

  25. Reilly J, McTavish S, Young A. Rapid depletion of plasma tryptophan: a review of studies and experimental methodology. J Psychopharmacol. 1997;11:381-392. 

    ↑

  26. Ballenger J, Wheadon D, Steiner M, Bushnell W, Gergel I. Double-blind, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study of paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:36-42. 

    ↑

  27. Gorman J. The use of newer antidepressants for panic disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;58 (Suppl 14):54-58. 

    ↑

  28. Mundo E, Bianchi L, Bellodi L. Efficacy of fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and citalopram in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a single-blind study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1997;17:267-271. 

    ↑

  29. Yaryura-Tobias J, Bhagavan H. L-tryptophan in obsessive-compulsive disorders.Am J Psychiatry. 1977;134:1298-1299. 

    ↑

  30. Kahn R, Westenberg H. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan in the treatment of anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord. 1985;8:197-200. 

    ↑

  31. Kahn R, Westenberg H, Verhoeven W, Gispen de Wied C, Komberboek W. Effect of a serotonin precursor and uptake inhibitor in anxiety disorders: a double-blind comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan, clomipramine and placebo. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1987;2:45. 

    ↑

  32. Peroutka S. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes and the pharmacology of migraine. Neurology. 1993;43 (Suppl 3):S34-S38. 

    ↑

  33. Titus F, Davalos A, Alom J, Codina A. 5-Hydroxytryptophan versus methysergide in the prophylaxis of migraine. Randomized clinical trial. Eur Neurol. 1986;25:327-329. 

    ↑

  34. De Benedittis G, Massei R. 5-HT precursors in migraine prophylaxis: A double-blind cross-over study with L-5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo. Clin J Pain. 1986;3:123-129. 

    ↑

  35. Russell I, Michalek J, Vaprio G, et al. Serum amino acids in fibrositis/fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(Suppl 19):158-163. 

    ↑

  36. Moldofsky H, Warsh J. Plasma tryptophan and musculoskeletal pain in non-articular rheumatism. Pain. 1978;5:65-71. 

    ↑

  37. Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Boccassini L, et al. Double-blind study of dothiepin versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res. 1987;15:154-159. 

    ↑

  38. Goldenberg D. A review of the role of tricyclic medications in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(Suppl 19):137-139. 

    ↑

  39. Goldenberg D, Mayskiy M, Mossey C, Ruthazer R, Schmid C. A randomized, double-blind crossover trial of fluoxetine and amitriptyline in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:1852-1859. 

    ↑

  40. Moldofsky H, Lue F. The relationship of alpha and delta EEG frequencies to pain and mood in 'fibrositis' patients treated with chlorpromazine and L-tryptophan.Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1980;50:71-80. 

    ↑

  41. Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Cazzola M, Azzolini V. Double-blind study of 5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res. 1990;18:201-209. 

    ↑

  42. Puttini P, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res. 1992;20:182-189. 

    ↑

  43.  Loew D. [L-tryptophan. An essential amino acid for structural and functional metabolism]. Fortschr Med. 1997;115:40-42. 

    ↑

  44. Jouvet M. Biogenic amines and the states of sleep. Science. 1969;163:32-41. 

    ↑

  45. Huether G, Poeggler B, Reimer A, George A. Effect of tryptophan administration on circulating melatonin levels in chicks and rats: evidence for stimulation of melatonin synthesis and release in the gastrointestinal tract. Life Sci. 1992;51:945-953. 

    ↑

  46. Soulairac A, Lambinet H. Action du 5-hydroxytryptophane, precurseur de la serotonine, sur les troubles du sommeil. Ann Med-Psychol. 1977;135:792-798. 

    ↑

  47. Blundell J. Pharmacological approaches to appetite suppression. Trends Pharmacol. 1991;12:147-157. 

    ↑

  48. Blundell JE, Lathami C.J. Serotonergic influences on food intake: effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on parameters of feeding behavior in deprived and free-feeding rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1979;11:431-437. 

    ↑

  49. Ju CY, Tsai CT. Serotonergic mechanisms involved in the suppression of feeding by 5-HTP in rats. Chin J Physiol. 1995;38:235-240. 

    ↑

  50. Wurtman J. Carbohydrate craving, mood changes, and obesity. J Clin Psychiatry. 1988;49(Suppl):37-39. 

    ↑

  51. Cangiano C, CERI F, Casino A, et al. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Am J Clin Nut. 1992;56:863-868. 

    ↑

  52. Zmilacher K, Battegay R, Gastpar M. L-5-hydoxytryptophan alone and in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor in the treatment of depression.Neuropsychobiology. 1988;20:28-35. 

    ↑

  53.  van Praag HM, Korf J. L-tryptophan in depression. Lancet. 1970;2:612. 

    ↑

  54. Martin T. Serotonin syndrome. Ann Emerg Med. 1996;28:520-526. 

    ↑

  55. Sporer K. The serotonin syndrome. Implicated drugs, pathophysiology and management. Drug Safety. 1995;13:94-104.

    ↑